Description
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) is a potent, water-soluble antioxidant widely recognised for its brightening, anti-ageing and collagen-boosting benefits. It helps even skin tone, reduce dark spots, and protect skin from environmental stressors such as UV exposure and pollution. Due to its high efficacy, Ascorbic Acid is commonly used in serums, creams and masks designed to deliver visible radiance and improved skin texture. It performs best in low-pH formulations and is often preferred for targeted brightening and skin-rejuvenating products.
Benefits
Brightens dull skin and improves overall radiance
Helps fade pigmentation, blemishes and uneven skin tone
Boosts collagen synthesis for firmer, youthful-looking skin
Protects skin from oxidative stress and free-radical damage
Supports smoother texture and reduces appearance of fine lines
Uses
Brightening serums and facial treatments
Anti-ageing creams and moisturizers
Face masks and sheet mask essences
Spot-correcting formulas for pigmentation
Water-based gel serums, boosters and essences
Application
Ideal for leave-on facial skincare
Suitable for oil-free, water-based, acidic formulations
Not recommended for high-pH products due to stability issues
Solubility
Water Soluble
Insoluble in oils
pH Value
Most stable and effective at pH 2.5 – 3.5
Loses potency quickly above pH 4
Usage Rate
Typically 1% – 20% depending on formulation type
Lower ranges (1–5%) for gentle products
Higher ranges (10–20%) for targeted brightening serums
How It Works
Functions as a powerful antioxidant to neutralize free radicals
Inhibits melanin synthesis, reducing pigmentation and dark spots
Stimulates collagen production for improved elasticity
Enhances skin repair and brightens complexion over continuous use
How to Add to Formulation
Dissolve in the water phase with gentle stirring
Can be added during the cool-down phase to avoid heat degradation
Formulate at low pH for maximum stability
Consider pairing with stabilizers like ferulic acid, sodium metabisulfite or chelating agents
Avoid exposure to light and air during mixing to reduce oxidation
Storage & Shelf Life
Store in an airtight, opaque container
Keep in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight
Very sensitive to moisture, oxygen and heat
Shelf life: 6–12 months when stored properly; may darken over time due to oxidation
Additional Notes
Pure Ascorbic Acid is highly effective but unstable; always check for discoloration before use
Not suitable for formulas containing high levels of water without stabilizers
May cause tingling at higher concentrations—appropriate for expert formulators
Works synergistically with Vitamin E and Ferulic Acid for enhanced stability and performance
